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DYNAMICS OF WINTER SEVERITY AND ITS EFFECT ON RECREATION
Zahradníček, Pavel ; Rožnovský, J. ; Brzezina, J. ; Štěpánek, Petr ; Farda, Aleš ; Chuchma, F.
Air temperature in winter months and colder half-year is an important factor for wide range of human activities, including recreation. As a result of current climate change, average air temperatures increase in winter as well. This, however, does not mean that there are no frosts. Each winter season can be assessed using several parameters. In this paper we used the sum of effective air temperatures below 0 degrees C and- 5 degrees C. Absolute minimum air temperature was used as an indicator of the extremity of a particular period. Space-time analysis has been performed for both parameters. Air temperatures in winter months are to a large extent influenced by the continentality of the climate. In general, the temperatures in Bohemia rise faster compared to Moravia and the absolute lowest minimum air temperatures are observed in the Western parts of the country. Based on a multiparametric analysis of climate characteristics, the coldest winter and colder half-year was in 1963, in contrast, the mildest winter was in 2007.
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Determination and Changes in Winter Severity in the Period between 1961 and 2015
Zahradníček, Pavel ; Rožnovský, J. ; Brzezina, J. ; Štěpánek, Petr ; Farda, Aleš ; Chuchma, F. ; Potopová, V.
Values of the minimum air temperatures during cold periods, especially winter, have often negative impacts on a wide range of human activities. In the past there have been many cases when rapid decrease in air temperature caused damages to machines, halted traffic etc. Every winter or cold half-year can be assessed using several parameters. In this article, three climatological characteristics were used. First was the average air temperature. Second was the sum of effective air temperatures below 0°C and -5°C. Last characteristic, which determines the extremity of that particular period, is the absolute minimum air temperature. Space-time analysis was performed for all the three characteristics. Statistically, the most significant change was found in case of the average air temperature – there is a gradual warming since 1961. Air temperatures during winter are to a large extent affected by the continentality of the climate. In Bohemia, the warming is faster than in Moravia and the western part of the country has the lowest absolute minimum air temperatures. Using multiparametric analysis of climatological characteristics it was found that the coldest winter and coldest half-year from the analyzed years was in 1963. In contrast, mildest winter was in 2007. Current climatological models predict that winter temperatures by the end of 21st century will be higher by 2.4°C to 4.9°C, which would mean a significant change in the current winter conditions.\n
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